International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) 财务分析 | 雷达图·估值·财报

投资评估雷达图

基于2025 Q4财报的七个维度价值衡量

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📊 估值

关键估值指标

EV/EBITDA (TTM)

i

Enterprise Value, EBITDA and Ratio

EV/EBIT (TTM)

i

Enterprise Value, EBIT and Ratio

EV/Sales (TTM)

i

Enterprise Value, Revenue and Ratio

P/E Ratio (TTM)

i

Market Cap, Net Income and Ratio

P/B Ratio (Quarterly)

i

Market Cap, Book Value and Ratio

FCF Yield (TTM)

i

FCF, Enterprise Value and Yield

PR Profit Ratio (PPM)

i

PE Ratio, ROE and Profit Ratio (PR = PE / ROE)

📈 成长

营收、盈利和每股成长指标

Revenue (Quarterly)

i

Quarterly Revenue

Revenue/Share (Quarterly)

i

Revenue Per Share

Net Income (Quarterly)

i

Quarterly Net Income

EPS (Quarterly)

i

Earnings Per Share

Gross Profit/Share (Quarterly)

i

Gross Profit Per Share

OCF/Share (Quarterly)

i

Operating Cash Flow Per Share

FCF/Share (Quarterly)

i

Free Cash Flow Per Share

Operating Leverage (YoY)

i

Change in Operating Income / Change in Revenue

💰 盈利

利润率和净资产收益率

Gross Margin (TTM)

i

Revenue, Gross Profit and Gross Margin

Operating Margin (TTM)

i

Revenue, Operating Income and Operating Margin

Net Profit Margin (TTM)

i

Revenue, Net Income and Net Profit Margin

ROE (TTM)

i

Equity, Net Income and Return on Equity

ROA (TTM)

i

Assets, Net Income and Return on Assets

ROTCE - Return on Tangible Common Equity (TTM)

i

Net Income, Tangible Common Equity and ROTCE

OCF Margin (TTM)

i

Revenue, Operating Cash Flow and OCF Margin

FCF Margin (TTM)

i

Revenue, Free Cash Flow and FCF Margin

💵 现金质量

现金流质量和转换指标

OCF/NI Ratio (TTM)

i

Operating Cash Flow, Net Income and Ratio

FCF/NI Ratio (TTM)

i

Free Cash Flow, Net Income and Ratio

OCF/Capex (TTM)

i

Operating Cash Flow, Capex and Coverage Ratio

OCF/SBC (TTM)

i

Operating Cash Flow, SBC and Coverage Ratio

🛡️ 财务韧性

债务、流动性和财务健康度

Debt/Equity (quarterly)

i

Total Debt, Total Equity and Debt/Equity Ratio

EBITDA/Net Debt (TTM)

i

EBITDA, Net Debt and Coverage Ratio

Interest Coverage (TTM)

i

EBIT, Interest Expense and Coverage Ratio

Current Ratio (quarterly)

i

Current Assets, Current Liabilities and Current Ratio

Quick Ratio (quarterly)

i

Quick Assets, Current Liabilities and Quick Ratio

Altman Z-Score

i

Financial Distress Prediction Model

⚙️ 运营与资本效率

资产利用率、营运资本、ROIC和资本效率

ROIC (TTM)

i

NOPAT, Invested Capital and Return on Invested Capital

ROCE - Return on Capital Employed (TTM)

i

EBIT, Capital Employed and Return on Capital Employed

Asset Turnover (TTM)

i

Revenue, Total Assets and Turnover Ratio

CapEx/Depreciation - Investment Intensity (TTM)

i

CapEx, Depreciation and Ratio (>1=Expansion, <1=Contraction)

R&D/Gross Profit - R&D Intensity (TTM)

i

R&D Expenses, Gross Profit and Ratio

SG&A/Revenue - SG&A Efficiency (TTM)

i

SG&A Expenses, Revenue and Ratio

Cash Conversion Cycle (TTM)

i

DSO + DIO - DPO (in days)

DSO - Days Sales Outstanding (TTM)

i

Average Receivables and Days Sales Outstanding

DIO - Days Inventory Outstanding (TTM)

i

Average Inventory and Days Inventory Outstanding

DPO - Days Payables Outstanding (TTM)

i

Average Payables and Days Payables Outstanding

Goodwill/Assets (Quarterly)

i

Goodwill as % of Total Assets

🎁 股东回报

股息、股票回购、稀释和内部人交易活动

Dividend Yield (TTM)

i

Dividend Per Share, Share Price and Dividend Yield

Buyback Yield (TTM)

i

Net Buyback and Buyback Yield

Buyback Yield (3 Years)

i

Net Buyback 3Y and Buyback Yield 3Y

Dilution Rate (1 Year)

i

Current Shares, 1Y Ago Shares and Dilution Rate

Dilution Rate (3 Years)

i

Current Shares, 3Y Ago Shares and Dilution Rate

SBC Offset Rate (TTM)

i

Buyback / Stock-Based Comp and SBC Ratio

Insider Activity Rate (TTM)

i

Insider Net Buying and Activity Rate

利润瀑布图分析

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P

盈利能力指标

Gross Profit Margini毛利率

61.56%

毛利润 = $12.12B

营业收入 = $19.69B

Operating Profit Margini营业利润率

21.16%

营业利润 = $4.17B

营业收入 = $19.69B

EBITDA MarginiEBITDA利润率

30.07%

EBITDA = $5.92B

营业收入 = $19.69B

EBIT MarginiEBIT利润率

23.48%

EBIT = $4.14B

营业收入 = $19.69B

Net Profit Margini净利率

28.45%

净利润 = $5.60B

营业收入 = $19.69B

Pretax Profit Margini税前利润率

21.05%

税前利润 = $4.14B

营业收入 = $19.69B

E

运营效率指标

Interest Coveragei利息保障倍数

6.34x

EBIT (TTM) = $12.26B

利息费用 (TTM) = $1.94B

4.4x

6.0x

6.3x

SG&A / Revenuei销管费率

29.29%

销售及管理费用 = $5.77B

营业收入 = $19.69B

R&D / Revenuei研发占比

11.11%

研发费用 = $2.19B

营业收入 = $19.69B

R

回报率指标 (TTM)

ROAi总资产回报率

7.33%

净利润 = $10.59B

平均总资产 = $144.53B

ROEi净资产收益率

35.34%

净利润 = $10.59B

平均股东权益 = $29.98B

ROICi投入资本回报率

15.88%

NOPAT (TTM) = $11.68B

平均投入资本 = $73.52B

(NOPAT = 营业利润 × (1 - 有效税率))

(平均投入资本 = (本期IC + 去年同期IC) / 2)

Revenue Growthi营收增长率

12.15%

当期营收 = $19.69B

去年同期营收 = $17.55B

+1.0%

+0.6%

+7.7%

+9.1%

+12.2%

Operating Cash Flow/Sharei每股经营现金流

$13.85

经营现金流 = $13.19B

流通股数 = 0.95B

$14.27

$14.44

$14.03

$14.21

$13.85

综合分析

利润表项目	同比增长	当季数据	趋势
营业收入	+12.2%	$19.69B	↑
毛利	+16.1%	$12.12B, 61.56%	↑
营业利润	+6.8%	$4.17B, 21.16%	↑
EBITDA	+22.2%	$5.92B, 30.07%	↑
税前利润	+25.3%	$4.14B, 21.05%	↑
净利润	+92.2%	$5.60B, 28.45%	↑
稀释每股收益	+90.3%	5.88	↑

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L

流动性指标

Current Ratioi流动比率

0.93

关注

流动资产 = $35.86B

流动负债 = $38.66B

Quick Ratioi速动比率

0.90

正常

速动资产 = $34.64B

流动负债 = $38.66B

Cash Ratioi现金比率

0.37

正常

现金及等价物 = $14.47B

流动负债 = $38.66B

Cash Ratio = (Cash + Short-term Investments) / Current Liabilities

L

杠杆指标

Debt to Equityi债务权益比

2.06

关注

总债务 = $67.15B

总权益 = $32.65B

Liabilities to Assetsi资产负债率 (总负债)

78.4%

关注

总负债 = $119.14B

总资产 = $151.88B

Equity Multiplieri权益乘数

4.65

关注

总资产 = $151.88B

总权益 = $32.65B

E

效率指标

Asset Turnoveri总资产周转率

0.47

关注

营收 (TTM) = $67.53B

平均总资产 = $144.53B

Inventory Turnoveri存货周转率

21.26

健康

营业成本 (TTM) = $27.82B

平均存货 = $1.31B

Receivables Turnoveri应收账款周转率

4.47

正常

营收 (TTM) = $67.53B

平均应收账款 = $15.12B

S

偿债能力

Interest Coveragei利息保障倍数

6.34

健康

EBIT (TTM) = $12.26B

利息费用 (TTM) = $1.94B

Net Debt to EBITDAi净债务/EBITDA

3.10

关注

净债务 = $53.51B

EBITDA (TTM) = $17.29B

Debt Service Coveragei偿债覆盖率

1.83

正常

经营现金流 (TTM) = $13.19B

债务偿付 = $7.22B

V

价值指标

Goodwill %i商誉占比

44.6%

关注

商誉 = $67.72B

总资产 = $151.88B

Working Capital Ratioi营运资本比率

-0.02

关注

营运资本 = $-2.80B

总资产 = $151.88B

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现金流瀑布图

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流入

流出

小计

起止点

C

现金流指标

经营现金流 TTMi

$13.19B

自由现金流 TTMi

$12.28B

FCF = OCF - CapEx

经营现金流 (TTM) = $13.19B

资本支出 (TTM) = $-0.91B

自由现金流收益率i

4.46%

关注

FCF (TTM) = $12.28B

市值 = $275.48B

经营现金流/销售比i

19.53%

正常

经营现金流 (TTM) = $13.19B

营业收入 (TTM) = $67.53B

Q

质量与覆盖指标

收益质量i

1.25x

健康

经营现金流 (TTM) = $13.19B

净利润 (TTM) = $10.59B

现金流/债务比i

0.20x

关注

经营现金流 (TTM) = $13.19B

总负债 = $67.15B

短期覆盖率i

0.34x

关注

经营现金流 (TTM) = $13.19B

流动负债 = $38.66B

资本支出覆盖率i

14.53x

健康

经营现金流 (TTM) = $13.19B

资本支出 (TTM) = $0.91B

E

效率指标

⚡ 比率按USD计算，去除汇率影响

自由/经营现金流比i

93.12%

健康

自由现金流 (TTM) = $12.28B

经营现金流 (TTM) = $13.19B

资本支出/营收比i

1.34%

健康

资本支出 (TTM) = $0.91B

营业收入 (TTM) = $67.53B

净债务/EBITDAi

3.10

关注

净债务 = $53.51B

EBITDA (TTM) = $17.29B

G

增长指标

经营现金流增长率i

-6.72%

关注

当期OCF (TTM) = $4.04B

上期OCF = $4.33B

股东盈余i

$10.98B

健康

净利润 (TTM) = $10.59B

+ 折旧摊销 (TTM) = $1.30B

- 资本支出 (TTM) = $-0.91B

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International Business Machines Corporation

投资评估雷达图

🔍 商业模式深度分析 (杜邦模型)

领先指标分析

财务可视化指标

📊 估值

EV/EBITDA (TTM)

EV/EBIT (TTM)

EV/Sales (TTM)

P/E Ratio (TTM)

P/B Ratio (Quarterly)

FCF Yield (TTM)

PR Profit Ratio (PPM)

📈 成长

Revenue (Quarterly)

Revenue/Share (Quarterly)

Net Income (Quarterly)

EPS (Quarterly)

Gross Profit/Share (Quarterly)

OCF/Share (Quarterly)

FCF/Share (Quarterly)

Operating Leverage (YoY)

💰 盈利

Gross Margin (TTM)

Operating Margin (TTM)

Net Profit Margin (TTM)

ROE (TTM)

ROA (TTM)

ROTCE - Return on Tangible Common Equity (TTM)

OCF Margin (TTM)

FCF Margin (TTM)

💵 现金质量

OCF/NI Ratio (TTM)

FCF/NI Ratio (TTM)

OCF/Capex (TTM)

OCF/SBC (TTM)

🛡️ 财务韧性

Debt/Equity (quarterly)

EBITDA/Net Debt (TTM)

Interest Coverage (TTM)

Current Ratio (quarterly)

Quick Ratio (quarterly)

Altman Z-Score

⚙️ 运营与资本效率

ROIC (TTM)

ROCE - Return on Capital Employed (TTM)

Asset Turnover (TTM)

CapEx/Depreciation - Investment Intensity (TTM)

R&D/Gross Profit - R&D Intensity (TTM)

SG&A/Revenue - SG&A Efficiency (TTM)

Cash Conversion Cycle (TTM)

DSO - Days Sales Outstanding (TTM)

DIO - Days Inventory Outstanding (TTM)

DPO - Days Payables Outstanding (TTM)

Goodwill/Assets (Quarterly)

🎁 股东回报

Dividend Yield (TTM)

Buyback Yield (TTM)

Buyback Yield (3 Years)

Dilution Rate (1 Year)

Dilution Rate (3 Years)

SBC Offset Rate (TTM)

Insider Activity Rate (TTM)

利润表分析

利润瀑布图分析

资产负债表分析

现金流量表分析

📊 估值

EV/EBITDA (TTM)

EV/EBIT (TTM)

EV/Sales (TTM)

P/E Ratio (TTM)

P/B Ratio (Quarterly)

FCF Yield (TTM)

PR Profit Ratio (PPM)

📈 成长

Revenue (Quarterly)

Revenue/Share (Quarterly)

Net Income (Quarterly)